SMTP Errors

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a relatively simple, text-based protocol, in which one or more recipients of a message are specified (and in most cases verified to exist) and then the message text is transferred. It is a client-server protocol, whereby a client transmits an email message to a server. Either an end-user's email client, a.k.a. MUA (Mail User Agent), or a relaying server's MTA (Mail Transfer Agents) can act as an SMTP client.

Smtp errors occur frequently and can be rather frustrating for the user when they see the error code. Here is a list of the SMTP error codes;

The first number generally tells whether the server accepted the command and if it could manage it.

• 2 The server has completed the task successfully.
• 3 The server has understood the request, but requires further information to complete it.
• 4 The server has encountered a temporary failure. If the command is repeated without any change, it might be completed.
• 5 The server has encountered an error.

The second number gives more information, there are six possible values;

• 0 A syntax error has occurred.
• 1 Indicates a informational reply, for example to a HELP request.
• 2 Refers to the connection status.
• 3 Unspecified.
• 4 Unspecified.
• 5 Refers to the status of the mail system as a whole and the mail server in particular.

The third number shows more graduations of the mail transfer status to return a more detailed report as detailed in the ESMTP server response codes defined in RFC 821 and later extensions.

Example of an older SMTP response text description for the first number.

• 2.x.x Success (The server has completed the task successfully).
• 4.x.x Persistent Transient Failure (The server has encountered a temporary failure).
• 5.x.x Permanent Failure (The server has encountered an error).

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